Origin and Features of the Mississippi River
The mighty Mississippi River, the second-longest river in North America, has been a vital source of water and transportation for thousands of years. The Mississippi River begins in Lake Itasca, in Minnesota’s northwest corner, and flows south for about 2,350 miles before draining into the Gulf of Mexico. It is fed by over 2,300 tributaries and its watershed drains all or parts of 31 U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. In addition, the river is a major source of water for particularly extensive wetlands, floodplains, and bottomland hardwood forests, providing habit to many species of wildlife.
The Northern Reach of the Mississippi River
Originally, before European settlers arrived, the Mississippi River system extended up to its source at Lake Itasca in northern Minnesota. This area of Minnesota marks the northernmost border of the Mississippi River, but the heart of the river system covers tens of thousands of square miles of the Midwest U.S. It drains waters from throughout the Midwest, and its path contains many lakes, tributaries, reservoirs and other bodies of water.
The most northern section of the Mississippi River is navigable from around its source at Lake Itasca in Minnesota. You can avail yourself of the opportunity to take a boat ride along the river which begins the 2,350 mile downstream journey to the Gulf of Mexico. In the summer, it can be an excellent way to explore the natural beauty of Minnesota’s Lakes Country.
The U.S. Coast Guard has set regulations in order to keep the waters of the Mississippi River safe. One regulation requires all vessels that go beyond the local closed waters and navigate navigable waters of the United States (the Mississippi River) must be equipped with a VHF Marine Radio. The Coast Guard is responsible for granting exemption requests due to regional economic and cultural differences, directing mariners to the safe navigation of the Mississippi River and providing medical and search-and-rescue services.
The Coast Guard has also issued rules governing bridges and dams that are strong enough to prevent most vessels from navigating upstream. Consequently, the Northern border of Mississippi River can only be reached by paddling a kayak or canoe. These vessels must be able to fit through gaps in the dams and under certain bridges on the river due to their size.
Environmental Sustainability
The area around the Mississippi River contains some of the most fertile agricultural land in the world. Unfortunately, there is growing population and economic development along the river and its tributaries that is putting a strain of the river’s health. Pollutants like nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment are making their way into the river, while agricultural runoff is increasing the size of the Dead Zone.
In response to these environmental threats, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer are working together to create the Healthy Watersheds for the Mississippi River program. Since 2009, the program has funded over 2,000 projects that focus on restoring, protecting and improving the river’s environment.
Recreational Opportunities
Throughout its 2,350 miles, the Mississippi River offers an array of recreational opportunities for everyone from anglers to hikers. Whether it’s a guided canoe trip, a calm boat ride, or a coastal sea kayak adventure, there is something on the river for the adventurous traveler.
In addition, there is a variety of wildlife habitats along the Mississippi, making it a great place to observe wildlife. From Minnesota’s Great Lakes country down to the Gulf, there are many species of birds, mammals and fish.
Access and Resources
The Mississippi River is publicly owned by the US and the state governments, which allows people access to many of its features. There are many resources available to those planning a river adventure such as maps, guides, and historical information.
The Army Corps of Engineers also maintains the navigation channel for a nine-foot depth and provides periodic dredging and bank stabilization. The Corps also maintains dams and locks that regulate the flow of water from the headwaters to the Gulf of Mexico.
Mississippi River Paddle Routes
One of the best ways to see the Mississippi River is by taking a canoe or kayak down the river. This route is perfect for those who are looking for a multi-day adventure. There are a few established paddle routes, but it’s important to consider the cost, availability of resources, weather, and the expertise of the paddler when choosing a route.
The most popular Mississippi River Paddle Route is the Great Mississippi River Water Trail. This route is comprised of nearly 2,000 miles of navigable water that follows the entire Mississippi River, starting from the source at Lake Itasca and going down to the Gulf of Mexico.
Safety
Safety should always be the top priority when paddling or boating the Mississippi River. It is important to know the rules and regulations, prepare for hazardous conditions, and to always wear a lifejacket. Weather is unpredictable and conditions can quickly change, so it’s important to have a plan in place in case of emergency.
It is also important to be aware of the local wildlife along the river. From alligators to stinging insects, there are a variety of animals that can be dangerous. It is wise to stay away from them if possible.
Mississippi River Camping
In addition to paddling, camping is another great way to experience the Mississippi River. Camping along the river provides the perfect opportunity to take in the scenery, wildlife, fishing, and sunsets.
The Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge is a great place to camp. It is the largest refuge in the National Wildlife Refuge System and offers diverse habitats for wildlife as well as excellent opportunities for people to fish, camp, and explore.
The Mississippi also offers numerous opportunities for camping along the riverbanks and in the many parks scattered along its banks.
Mississippi River Communities
One of the most rewarding aspects of the Mississippi River is the vibrant communities and towns that line its banks. There are a variety of towns and cities worth visiting.
Memphis, Tennessee is a great place to explore history, culture, and music. New Orleans offers an array of attractions, including the Louisiana State Museum, the Museum of the American South, and the National World War II Museum. St. Louis offers a variety of outdoor activities, including biking, hiking, and kayaking.
Conclusion
The Mississippi River is one of the most impressive rivers in the world and offers numerous recreational and cultural opportunities. Whether you’re interested in exploring the northern reaches of the river by canoe and kayak, camping near the banks, or simply admiring the vibrant communities and towns, a visit to the Mississippi River is sure to be a memorable experience.
