Does the Mississippi River Flow Through South Dakota?
The Mississippi River has been a part of American history since the first Native Americans began settling the lands that the river passes through more than 10,000 years ago. It is one of the most recognizable and longest rivers in North America and many Americans can tell you that it has been seen by everyone from historic American revolutionaries to award-winning authors like Mark Twain. But does the mighty Mississippi actually flow through the state of South Dakota?
The answer is no. Although South Dakota does have several rivers that are tributaries of the Mississippi, such as the Big Sioux River, the Mississippi itself does not flow through the state. Instead, the Missouri River is the main waterway within South Dakota which has some parts a tributary of the Mississippi. The closest the Mississippi comes to South Dakota is roughly 40 miles to the east in Iowa. Some argue that this is close enough, since the Missouri and Mississippi both flow together in some areas, but that’s not how the US Geological Survey officially views it.
The Missouri River is actually considerably longer than the Mississippi River, measuring in at 2,341 miles long. In comparison, the Mississippi River is only 1,979 miles. And while the Missouri doesn’t dominate the news headlines with stories of floods and political upheavals like the Mississippi, it’s still a historically significant waterway in its own right. In fact, it’s referred to as the “Big Muddy” due to its tendency to take on some very red-looking water due to the high level of sediment in its waters.
The Missouri River has also been used by vessels of the US Navy, including ships helmed by the likes of Lewis and Clark, to explore the American countryside. So while it may not be the Mississippi River, South Dakota still has a waterway that holds a special place in America’s long and storied past.
Cultural Significance of the Mississippi River
The Mississippi River has always had a special place in American culture, with many folk tales, songs and literature having been written about it, such as Mark Twain’s famous novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. It has been a defining part of the American experience, providing crucial resources to many towns, cities and communities along its banks.
The river is often referred to as the “Father of Waters” for its role in bringing wealth, power and transportation to the states along its length. The river was strategically important during the Civil War, providing an effective barrier against the Union army pushing South. It is even connected to the spiritual world in some Native American beliefs, believed to be a place where the spirits of their ancestors still reside.
It’s easy to see why the Mississippi River is such a part of American life. Not only has it been an important source of water, food and shelter to those that inhabit its banks, but it has also provided a wealth of culture and life to the communities that line its path.
Economic Significance of the Mississippi River
As mentioned before, the Mississippi River serves as an important waterway for transportation, resources, and industry. One of the most important industries along the river is shipping and exports. This is because the river is part of the Mississippi River Shipping Lane, which stretches from Minneapolis to St. Louis.
This makes the river an important player in international trade, as it provides a crucial connection between rivers and ports around the world. For instance, many of the exports from the Midwest, such as oil and grains, travel down the river before being shipped to ports around the world, providing jobs to those living along the river.
In addition, the river helps provide access to both renewable and non-renewable resources. For example, its waters provide access to oil and other minerals, as well as to electricity generated by its hydroelectric dams.
The river’s economic importance can be gauged by its size. The Mississippi River is the third largest river in the entire world, by discharge, meaning that its impact is felt worldwide.
Environmental Protection on the Mississippi River
One of the most important efforts to protect the environment on the Mississippi River has been the establishment of the Upper Mississippi River National Wildlife and Fish Refuge. This refuge was established in 1924 by President Calvin Coolidge as a part of the National Wildlife Refuge System.
The Refuge was created with the intention of protecting critical habitats, spawning grounds for fish, migration routes for birds, and much more. In addition, the Refuge provides recreational opportunities for those looking to explore the river and its environment.
The Refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and consists of 5 four-mile wide corridors that span from the upper part of the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico. The Refuge also contains multiple public access points such as wildlife viewing areas and boat landings, giving people an up-close look at the river and its inhabitants.
In addition to the Refuge, the US Army Corps of Engineers and the US Environmental Protection Agency are both actively involved in preserving the environment of the Mississippi River through projects such as wetland restoration and flood reduction.
Impact of the Mississippi River on South Dakota
Though the Mississippi River doesn’t flow directly through South Dakota, it still has a profound impact on the state, from its economy to its environment. For starters, it has allowed for the export of goods like oil, gas, grain, and other agricultural products, making South Dakota an important player in the national and global economy.
The river also serves as an important source of renewable energy, as it can be used to generate electricity through its hydroelectric dams. Moreover, its many tributaries and lakes provide ample opportunities for recreation and fishing, providing an economic boon to many small towns.
Finally, the river serves as a major migration route for many species of wildlife, from the majestic bald eagle to the common muskrat. Without the Mississippi River, many of these species would have a much more difficult time, as many of their habitats would become isolated.
Conclusion
The Mississippi River may not flow through South Dakota, but its impact on the state is unmistakable. Its economic contributions, environmental protections, and cultural significance all make it an important part of the state. South Dakotans may not be able to hop on a boat and float down the Mississippi, but they can still enjoy the beauty and bounty of this great American waterway.
